• Bookkeeping

The Internet is also the area in which the convergence between media and telecommunications is most visible. In all Nordic countries there is both competition and cooperation between traditional and new media actors over control over and investment in the Net. Typically traditional media groups such as Bonnier and Schibsted have been investing in the new digital media and the Net, as have the major telecommunication companies. In the Nordic countries, as elsewhere, these activities have in general not been economically successful.

• Objections revolve around discontent with quantitative measures when they are used to designate qualitative change.
• The changes in educational wage differentials differ substantially across sub-periods.
• Occupational wage differentials (e.g., the earnings of professional and managerial workers relative to production workers) also narrowed in the 1970s and then exploded in the 1980s (Blackburn et al., 1990; Murphy and Welch, 1993a).
• This has given rise to large numbers of migrant workers in both the USA and Canada.
• Payment given by an employer to a current employee to retain that individual within the organization.

Firms usually hire third party management consultants rather than having an ‘in-house’ employee. Information security analysts have become increasingly important in the new world of sophisticated technology. They monitor their organizaitons networks for security issues and potential https://simple-accounting.org/ holes in that security. They maintain various security features such as the firms firewalls and data encryption programs to protect sensitive details. Human resource managers seek to create internal procedures for internal disputes, whilst also handling employee-related issues.

White collar meaning

However, a skilled blue-collar worker can often make more in wages than a mid-level white-collar job. Gold collar signifies white-collar workers who come with higher skills and are in higher demand. Red-collar workers are those who work in the government whose salaries come from the red ink budget. Pink-collar is an outdated term that was used to describe sectors that were historically dominated by women, including nursing and secretarial work. One of the newest types of collar colors is the green collar, which refers to jobs in the environmental sector.

For this white collar role, it’s necessary to have a Bachelor’s degree in business, computing, economics, accounting, management, finance, marketing, or psychology. This white https://simple-accounting.org/complete-collar-colors-understanding-consumer/ collar role tends to require a bachelor’s degree in human resources or similar field. Additional qualifications in psychology or conflict management can prove beneficial.

Social Classes

“People may say, you took a long time to finish your master’s and you end up serving coffee? A job that people who just finished middle school or primary school can do?” she said. She earned about 12,000 Chinese yuan ($1,700) a month in her white-collar job. As a barista, she earns a quarter of that and receives “a little” financial support from her parents. “I won’t encourage everyone to just quit their jobs to do this … I do sometimes reflect on my own privilege, how I can only pursue this because my parents are middle-class and I don’t have to worry financially,” Wang added.

Workers of any profession can be classified in a specific collar type job, including white, blue, pink, black, etc. For example, pink collar workers are those in professions that used to be popular among women (e.g. nurses). Workers were historically divided into categories based on the type of attire they wore. Blue-collar workers wore blue-colored clothing that was meant to hide the dirt and residue that came from working with their hands while white-collar workers wore white shirts underneath their suits.

White-collar worker

If you’ve heard about pink-collar, blue-collar, white-collar, or any other colored collar terms, you might be confused about what each category means and the type of jobs that fall under each. The management jobs, engineering, medical and administration jobs are some examples of white collar jobs. However, a worker should be skilled enough in a specialized field to perform the work. The jobs may include manufacturing, mining, construction, repairs and maintenance, installation of machinery and so on. Below, you can find some general industries that tend to hire more white-collar or blue-collar workers.

• Ton analyzes how retailers such as Costco and Trader Joe’s make specific operational choices that alter the economics of retailing so that the good jobs strategy pays off.
• This free, federally funded education and vocational training program administered by the U.S.
• The labor market for manual labor jobs has been shrinking from the years before the pandemic started, according to Levanon, as older generations retire and there are less people to work these jobs.
• In the mid-twentieth century many working-class Americans had relatively good blue-collar primary market jobs in manufacturing.
• Human resource managers seek to create internal procedures for internal disputes, whilst also handling employee-related issues.

This change could prevent a situation in which some individuals have to bear the full burden of unemployment deriving from the transition to new technologies. They became known as ‘white collar’ workers due to the fact that throughout the 19th and 20th century, this positions required workers to wear white collared uniforms. The blue-collar and white-collar descriptors as it pertains to work dress may no longer be an accurate descriptor, as office attire has broadened beyond a white shirt and tie. Employees in office environments may wear a variety of colors, may dress in business casuals or wear casual clothes altogether. “White-collar” employees may perform “blue-collar” tasks (or vice versa). An example would be a restaurant manager who may wear more formal clothing yet still assist with cooking food or taking customers’ orders, or a construction worker who also performs desk work.

The workers of white collar jobs are paid well and the basis of their pay is the performance. Poler Stuff emphasizes this point, reporting that the opposition between blue collar vs. white collar began in a time when the social class divide was at its peak (the dawn of the 20th century). It was a time when office workers were seen as more educated and therefore well-paid, while manual laborers were viewed as poor and unskilled. Most white-collar employees earn an annual salary instead of an hourly wage and can have some degree of job security.

Between- and within-group inequality increases both contributed to rising wage dispersion. More specifically, the college wage premium rose from 1963 to 1971, declined substantially in the 1970s, increased sharply in the 1980s, and continued to rise at a more modest pace in the first half of the 1990s. Relative earnings declines for young workers are largest in the 1970s for college workers and in the 1980s for the less educated. Residual wage inequality is rather stable in the 1960s, starts to increase for men in the 1970s, and increases dramatically for men and women from 1980 to 1995. After remaining fairly stable in the 1960s and 1970s, male/female wage differentials narrowed substantially in the 1980s and 1990s.

The second kind of jobs are the white collar jobs, wherein the employee does clerical work in an office and draws monthly salary at a fixed rate. It is common for white-collar jobs to offer an annual salary based on a consistent 40-hour workweek. Also, many white-collar workers receive a pension or medical aid benefits from their employers. There is often certain job security that goes along with a white-collar job.